108

Bioinformatics of the Brain

[147] F. Mirab, Y. J. Kang, and S. Majd, “Preparation and characterization

of size-controlled glioma spheroids using agarose hydrogel microwells,”

PLOS ONE, vol. 14, no. 1, p. e0211078, 2019.

[148] P. S. Nakod, Y. Kim, and S. S. Rao, “The impact of astrocytes and

endothelial cells on glioblastoma stemness marker expression in multi-

cellular spheroids,” Cellular and Molecular Bioengineering, vol. 14, no. 6,

p. 639—651, 2021.

[149] M. Vinci, S. Gowan, and F. Boxall et al., “Advances in establishment and

analysis of three-dimensional tumor spheroid-based functional assays for

target validation and drug evaluation,” BMC Biology, vol. 10, p. 29,

2012.

[150] J. M. Kelm, N. E. Timmins, and C. J. Brown et al., “Method for gen-

eration of homogeneous multicellular tumor spheroids applicable to a

wide variety of cell types,” Biotechnology and Bioengineering, vol. 83,

no. 2, pp. 173–180, 2003.

[151] A. S. Nunes, A. S. Barros, and E. C. Costa et al., “3D tumor spheroids

as in vitro models to mimic in vivo human solid tumors resistance to

therapeutic drugs,” Biotechnology and Bioengineering, vol. 116, no. 1,

pp. 206–226, 2019.

[152] G. R. Souza, J. R. Molina, and R. M. Raphael et al., “Three-dimensional

tissue culture based on magnetic cell levitation,” Nature Nanotechnol-

ogy, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 291–296, 2010.

[153] E. Türker, N. Demirçak, and A. Arslan-Yildiz, “Scaffold-free three-

dimensional cell culturing using magnetic levitation,” Biomaterials Sci-

ence, vol. 6, pp. 1745–1753, 2018.

[154] R. Tejero, Y. Huang, and I. Katsyv et al., “Gene signatures of quiescent

glioblastoma cells reveal mesenchymal shift and interactions with niche

microenvironment,” EBioMedicine, vol. 42, pp. 252–269, 2019.

[155] C. G. Hubert, M. Rivera, and L. C. Spangler et al., “A three-dimensional

organoid culture system derived from human glioblastomas recapitulates

the hypoxic gradients and cancer stem cell heterogeneity of tumors found

in vivo,” Cancer Research, vol. 76, no. 8, pp. 2465–2477, 2016.

[156] F. Jacob, R. D. Salinas, and D. Y. Zhang et al., “A patient-derived

glioblastoma organoid model and biobank recapitulates inter- and intra-

tumoral heterogeneity,” Cell, vol. 180, no. 1, pp. 188–204.e22, 2020.

[157] F. Jacob, G.-l. Ming, and H. Song, “Generation and biobanking of

patient-derived glioblastoma organoids and their application in CAR

T cell testing,” Nature Protocols, vol. 15, no. 12, pp. 4000–4033, 2020.